Food Prices in Agricultural Markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Food Prices in Agricultural Markets - Essay Example This exploration will start with the explanation that Ð µhe ever-rising food costs have carried a great deal of difficulties to the contemporary society. Generally influenced by these food cost increments are the poor in the general public. The fundamental impact of the rising food costs on poor shoppers is the decrease in their buying power. Various financial speculations and models have been advanced to clarify the connection between rising food costs and their effects on poor purchasers. Engle’s law and the standard interest hypothesis are only a portion of these speculations clarifying the impacts of rising food costs on poor shoppers. As indicated by Engel’s law shoppers depend on non-food uses if food costs go up. Since the rich spend more cash on non-food things, at whatever point food costs rise, they have abundance non-food consumptions to slice and move to food uses. The standard interest hypothesis then again centers around the impacts of salary and cost inc rement on substitute food. The negative effects of food cost increment on poor purchasers make it basic that administrations and the global network step in to accommodate the government assistance of poor people. To expand the buying power lost because of food cost increment, security net projects, for example, nourishment for-work and money moves have been executed in numerous nations. Because of specific boundaries to the achievement of security net projects, different methodologies, for example, nearby and worldwide money related help and improved openness to land, seeds, livestock, advances, and specialized administrations have been applied in certain nations. Presentation World over, individuals are frequently made preparations for rising food costs, a pattern considered as having various adverse impacts on people’s government assistance, all the more so the least fortunate in the public arena. Truth be told, rising food costs has been refered to as one of the fundamenta l factors that drive the poor into starvation. Also, rising food costs apply a ton of descending budgetary weight on poor people while the wealthiest in the general public are never influenced by these food cost expands (Westhoff, P. 212). Since lion's share of the world’s populace could be portrayed as poor, rising food costs have hence additionally hosed the as of now emergency inclined worldwide economy. In any case, ongoing occasions have understood the development of a way of thinking, which brings up the issue of whether food cost increments are characteristically negative. For example, expanded food costs have been seen as gainful to ranchers, who are the sole suppliers of one of the most fundamental human needs, food (Westhoff, P. 212). The contention as indicated by this way of thinking is that in the event that ranchers do well in view of expanded food costs, at that point others will likewise profit by the expanded food costs somehow. The subsequent contention set forward by the way of thinking that rising food costs have positive ramifications is that, high food costs have pushed the horticultural business to grow hereditarily adjusted nourishments that oppose draft and other normal cataclysms as well as irritations and infections. Furthermore, nourishments have been created and developed that can endure and do well is hardly rich territories. At the end of the day, these nourishments have been very valuable to creating nations in which bigger rates of populace live in wretched neediness. The expanding food costs have subsequently made the horticultural business fairly alert in the making of maintainable food creations, all the more so in creating and the immature nations. This paper accordingly investigates the impacts of the rising food costs on poor purchasers, concentrating on the government assistance of this class of customers and the potential intercessions to address these impacts. Hypotheses and Models of the Effects of Rising Food Prices Because of the positive and negative impacts of rising food costs on poor shoppers, warmed discussions on the specific impacts of rising food costs have resulted. A few speculations and models trying to clarify the effects of

The Effect the Outdoor Enviroment Has on Childrens Knowledge and Literature review

The Effect the Outdoor Enviroment Has on Childrens Knowledge and Understanding of the World - Literature survey Example Through investigation, they additionally see how change comes to fruition. They likewise figure out how to get designs, similitudes, just as contrasts and how things work the manner in which they do (Ouvry, 2003). In understanding the world, structuring and making are fundamental components. By planning and making, they get familiar with the development procedure and devices included, including the methods which are required so as to manufacture or amass something (Bilton, 2010). Understanding the world likewise incorporates the utilization of PC innovation, figuring out how to utilize such advances including the programmable toys which can bolster their learning procedure (Fairfield Children’s Center, 2011). Corresponding to time, it is a unit of estimation which assists kids with understanding the world, their past, their present, and their future. Spot is likewise a part of their comprehension of the world as youngsters become progressively mindful of the common world and t heir areas, their networks, and what they may like or aversion about their condition (Fairfield Children’s Center, 2011). Through their networks, youngsters get a bigger comprehension of the world, particularly as they get some answers concerning their way of life, and the way of life of others. Through their communications with networks, they additionally figure out how to comprehend the similitudes and contrasts in culture, convictions, conventions, just as practices. These components all add to the children’s comprehension of the world. As indicated by Ouvry (2003) youngsters figure out how to comprehend the world as they begin to investigate it, and such investigations are regularly best left to the kids, permitting them to make their own revelations and build up their own... This report centers around the states of kids' learning and developing. Kids catch on quickly and viably by doing, by utilizing their hands and their faculties to investigate and comprehend their condition. Their advancement and improvement later on depends on development and inventiveness. It is accordingly urgent for youngsters to be outfitted with critical and long lasting learning instruments, just as perspectives. In proceeding to comprehend the world, it is significant for kids to be supported in their interest, to be helped as they investigate their thoughts, and to be urged to give things a shot regardless of whether they may not turn out to be well. The information and comprehension of the world depends on different components. One of these components identify with investigation and examination This paper makes an end that the above writing demonstrates the connection between the outside world and the children’s learning. The investigations feature the significance of permitting kids to cooperate with the outside as it encourages them secure abilities, information, conduct, and perspectives which would they be able to can use in better understanding the world. Through open air plays and ecological cooperations, they can increase a superior comprehension of their study hall directions, applying hypothetical ideas to this present reality and on ongoing. What results is a connected with, dynamic, and assorted learning environment for kids who can comprehend and welcome the world outside their study halls.

10 Educators on Twitter You Need to Follow

10 Educators on Twitter You Need to Follow (0) Truth be told, I came late to Twitter.  My Twitter Birthday is May 1, 2011. Yes, there is a site that can tell you this information. In my five Twitter-years, I have used it exclusively for professional purposes, e.g. networking, professional learning, etc., and only recently have begun to use it for news and communication outside of my professional affiliations.   Through my following of Eric Sheninger, I came to see Twitter as a platform for professional sharing and that changed the way I use it. Having a more directed purpose, my tweets seemed more substantive. Dr. Alan November inspired me to use Twitter for inspiration (of all things) and follow the greatest minds in the Twittersphere for sage words. Both of these gentlemen are, of course, on the list. So, the list. This is a list of nine educators and one education entity. The educators I have chosen are so much more than their numbers of followers. They are thoughtfully vetted leaders in the fields of digital literacy, social and emotional learning, and educational policy. The one entity is a fantastic resource for curriculum and lessons in literacy and the content areas. The one common denominator among all of the teachers on this list is passion. Let me say that I do not use this word lightly. I do not think that being a teacher automatically means that one has passion. Through careful research, aside from their Twitter feeds,  I can tell you that each of these rockstars are naturals and the passion they exude is incredibly motivating. Vicki Davis @CoolCatTeacher /  137,000 followers I was immediately enamored with Vicki Davis. She and I both began teaching in the same year and we share some basic philosophies. Vicki calls herself a Teacherpreneur and her work as a teacher typifies this perfectly. An entrepreneur must be fearless even in the face of uncertainty. A teacher, well, you know what they do. In her role as a teacherpreneur, Vicki allows her students who know vital information to teach their classmates and teach her. She truly puts her students in charge of their learning and presses on when she does not have all the information. This quality really resonated with me. The attention that Vicki places on digital literacy and citizenship is just phenomenal. Her practice is highly metacognitive and facilitates students’ learning and talking about their own knowledge. Rounding out her prowess as Teacherpreneur, Vicki has a global view that sees far beyond the rural community where she teaches. Diane Ravitch @DianeRavitch /  138,000 followers I could not put together a list about Top Teacher Tweeters without mentioning Diane Ravitch. I included Ravitch for a few reasons. The education climate, specifically concerning public education, that we face today makes it imperative and absolutely necessary that we teachers know policy. Ravitch knows policy and is an unflinching advocate for teachers everywhere. She attended primary and secondary public school and understands the need for improving our Nation’s public education system. Diane Ravitch is a Research Professor of Education at New York University and an educational historian. From 1991to 1993, she was Assistant Secretary of Education under President George H.W. Bush. She is an agent of change in a world that is ripe with flux. Mark Anderson @ICTEvangelist /  41,900 followers What I like most about Mark Anderson is his very purposeful use of technology. It is not there for bells and whistles or to look good in an observation. Technology plays a vital role in his teaching. Mark is Apple and Google Apps for Education (GAFE) certified and gamifies content whenever possible to speak to his game-conscious students. Something that I like about Mark is his authenticity. Footage of him available online coupled with his tweets show someone that does not rely on using popular educational buzzwords and jargon to show that he is credible. Without muddying the waters with the likes of Jim Tammy Faye Baker, in my understanding an evangelist is one that tries to convert others, usually by public preaching. Calling himself the ICT Evangelist, Mark is on a crusade to convert students, teachers and policy makers into a highly tech savvy populace. And he is succeeding.   Laura Fleming @LFlemingEDU /  13,800 followers Laura Fleming is the Library Media Specialist at New Milford High School in Milford, NJ. Knowing talent, fellow list maker Eric Sheninger hired her when he was principal at NMHS. As a school librarian myself, I follow Laura and know that she is the final word on Makerspaces and the Maker Movement in education. If I was playing word association and my partner said, “Makerspaces,” I’d say “Laura Fleming.” She is that good. Laura believes in collaboration and exploration through rigorous Project Based Learning. Her aim is to create learning experiences that empower and equip students to effectively produce and consume content across multiple media platforms. Alex Corbitt @Alex_Corbitt /  26,600 followers OMG, I need to meet Mr. Corbitt! Alex is a fellow New York City educator and teaches English in the Bronx. Alex focuses on socio-emotional learning, gamification, and literacy and is very active on Twitter. Alex Corbitt was recently the subject of a Member Spotlight feature story on UFT.org. The article talks about Alex’s ability to empower his students using PBL and multimedia approaches. Part of the reason I included Alex in this list is because of the relationship that he has with his students. It reminded me of me and my kids (as I call them) and how vital this relationship is. His empathy coupled with his craft are an outstanding combination. He strives to innovate, collaborate and share collegially while cultivating critically engaged citizens. Dr. Alan November @GlobaLearner /  44,500 followers About a year ago, I was asked by my principal to attend a technology workshop for him, seeing as tech is my thing. I agreed to go, somewhat begrudgingly, until he passed me the invite. The workshop was led by none other than Dr. Alan November. Dr. November is one of the smartest and most thought-provoking people I have ever known. That day I was one of 10 educators in attendance, and one of maybe three that had any idea WHO we were really listening to. I totally have a professional crush on him, and I will openly admit that. Dr. November is all about confirming and challenging what is possible in the world of teaching and learning. His areas of expertise are in planning across curriculum, staff development, new school design, community building and leadership development. My takeaway from Dr. November is that he is an innovative global-minded individual that loves to learn about how people interact with technology. He was named one the Nation’s 15 Most Influential Thinkers of the D ecade by Technology Learning Magazine in 2016 and that distinction is completely right-on. Steven W. Anderson @Web20Classroom /  148,000 followers You can tell by Steven’s number of followers that this guy is everywhere and has his hand in many pies. He is an educator, speaker and blogger and is super active on Twitter where he hones his passion on how teachers and students learn. Steven is expert in infusing technology in teaching and the use of social media for learning. He is the creator of #Edchat, a Twitter discussion group with over 1.5k weekly participants. His global view of education extends to students that are not his own but might benefit from his words. I love this about him. Steven W. Anderson has an amazing number of followers for a reason: He is an incredible, knock-it-outta-the-park educator. Eric Sheninger @E_Sheninger /  115,000 followers There must be something in the water at New Milford High School because Eric is the 2nd on the top ten that hails from NMHS. I heard all over Twitter about this rockstar principal from New Jersey and my curiosity was piqued. Eric is known for his smart use of technology and social media platforms as educational tools that transformed his school while he was a principal.  Since leaving his position as principal, Eric is able to share his talents with many more people.  In his role as Senior Fellow and Thought Leader on Digital Leadership in Ed (ICLE), thousands are affected by Eric’s expertise in using Twitter as an indispensable means for education as well as communication. There is not a list out there that does not count Eric Sheninger among its ranks.  It is easy to see why. Read, Write, Think @RWTnow /  44,000 followers I am an adjunct instructor at my local college and I educate preservice teachers on how to teach reading and writing. A large part of the class involves crafting lesson plans. Being among the first graduate courses they take, my students are a bit green to lesson planning. I do not believe in reinventing the wheel. Rather, I say find the person that makes the best wheels and borrow them. Add more air or take some out. Make the wheel your own. Basically, find a resource for lesson ideas and tips that are vetted and research based and stick to it. Read, Write, Think has been my go-to resource for about 15 years now and has never let me down. Their Twitter feed features peer-reviewed lessons that focus on literacy.       Angela Maiers @AngelaMaiers /  145,000 followers In teaching, there is the curriculum, and then there is everything else. “Everything else,” refers to the social-emotional aspects of being a teacher. For me, “everything else” comes before curriculum. Once a positive social and emotional setting has been created, real learning can take place. Angela Maiers is a pioneer in digital literacy and education technologies. An educator, author, speaker and founder of Choose2Matter, she challenges us to make “mattering” a way of life. Her philosophy is that when people accept that they matter and know their actions count, learning, lives and worlds change. Her Twitter feed provides links to inspiring strategies and tips that speak to educating the whole child.   In my role as an adjunct faculty member, I highly suggest that all my students sign up for a Twitter account. I start them off with three Twitter users. Students then research these three users by examining their followers in order to build a network to guide them in their career. I offer this same advice to you. To you that maybe does not really get Twitter. To you that cannot imagine a life outside of Facebook. To you, the seasoned Tweeter looking for new ideas. And even you, who just thought, “Well, I’m none of those,” this article is for you! Happy Tweeting, and even happier discovering, because I promise you, Twitter is a teacher’s digital wonderland.

10 Things You Can Do to Help Wildlife

Internship Reflection Essay - 870 Words

The lessons that I have learned from this short internship are ones that I should not have ignored. That includes ideology that social workers should be honest and trustworthy. As I reflected, I have lost my time I considered it not wasted due to the fact I have touched a few lives, while I was there. The main events that happen that seem that I am responsible for that includes an act of God the hurricane. I recalled going to an interview at Recovery First, and I thought the conversation went well and given the internship. I informed the interviewer that I am to complete a total of 150 hours and 10 hours per week I can do my hours Thursday and Friday. I was advised they need someone for the weekend. I responded by informing the†¦show more content†¦I felt somewhat confident that this internship was going to last after a rough start. I knew my task and doing what was asked was the main part. The clinician I worked with on Saturday told me that the nurse needed help setting u p appointments with the Veteran Administration for their veterans to get their benefits. I advised her that is the nurses job because she knows the prognosis of their clients. That did not go over well. That is when a bad situation became worse. I was called numerous of times to redo computer course that was completed before the incident. I did all courses including ones that were not needed. Going to supervision, I was informed that I did not of computer classes that were not completed. When I brought fort my facts that changed to lack of communication. For most who do not know the VA hospital system to make an appointment for anyone, there are requirements that have to be met, client or patient must be registered. If not, they must have a copy of member 4 of their DD214 valid state Identification and knows their SS number. 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How has technology improvements impacted on filmmaking Free Essays

string(193) " of Digital Filmmaking Although in an ideal world movies would be made without having any kind-of restrictions, however, the reality is that every project has a budget that it needs to fit to\." Introduction Film as a medium is relatively young compared to the other media such as painting, theatre, literature and etc. Nevertheless, in relatively short period of time, film with its ability to tell different stories and trigger various emotions has quickly established itself as a powerful and influential art form that is loved by masses. As Douglas Trumbull, a film director and special effects supervisor responsible for effects in movies like 2001: Space Odyssey, Blade Runner and Star Trek: The Motion Picture, states: ‘’. We will write a custom essay sample on How has technology improvements impacted on filmmaking? or any similar topic only for you Order Now .I feel that all movies are technical by their nature, it a technical art-form – it’s a photographic optical art form. It’s not like painting or sculpting or writing poetry or literature – it’s technical.. ’’ Douglas Trumbull, 2011[1] From the very first recorded images film as an art form depended on technology and its sophistication. With various technological improvements and inventions filmmakers got more and more tools that they could use to tell their story. This essay is going to discuss how technology improvements had an impact on and shaped film production and industry. Why inventions like digital cinema and digital workflow had such a huge impact that revolutionised the way the movies are made, displayed and even perceived by the audienceHow and why digital cinema is expanding and being embraced not only by the independent productions but by high-budget studios as well? Previous Filmmaking Methods For the art forms such as painting or poetry most of us, given a pen and paper, would be able to write some kind of poem or draw a picture. Filmmaking is inherently a much more complicated process. Without a dedicated piece of equipment that is able to record images for display – films would not be made. To fully understand the benefits of the technological inventions such as, for example, non-linear editing systems or ability to film on a digital format one needs to know the history and understand what technology and practices were in place before such inventions. For the most part of the filmmaking history the images where acquired by film cameras that used a film as a medium to store the pictures. ..ln photographic cinema, light reflected from the scene creates an image by triggering chemical changes on the film stock. Those changes register in the molecular structure of the emulsion.. David Bordwell Kristin Thompson, 2008[2] Over time four main standard film formats were established – super 8mm, 16mm, 35mm and 70mm film, with millimetres representing how wide the film strip is. Usually a bigger size format brings a better image quality, thus, the 35mm format established itself as a standard format for theatrical releases. ‘’The 35mm film gauge has been associated with the theatrical distribution of motion pictures since the Classic Hollywood Studio Systems. The cost and limited access to equipment put 35mm filmmaking out of reach to industry outsiders. Vincent Lobrutto, 2002[3] Throughout the most of the cinematography history, film (being an analogue photography medium) offered an unmatchable picture quality and was the main medium used to acquire images that would be suitable for cinematic release. Although the technology in digital cameras was constantly improving, until late 1990’s the film picture quality was superior compared to the digital video. ..One frame of 35mm motion picture film can contain the equivalent of over 12 million pixels (picture elements). This creates extremely high resolution and detail. One frame of broadcast quality video (not HD) can display about 350,000 pixels.. David Bordwell Kristin Thompson, 2008[4] However, shooting on film offered filmmakers an amazing picture quality – that came with the price. One of the biggest issues for any production that wants to use film as their recording medium is the amount of finances required to shoot and develop the film. ..A feature-length film is a very long ribbon of images, about two miles for a two-hour movie. .. Because each shot usually exists in several takes, because the film is shot out of story order, and because the master-shot/coverage approach yields so much footage, the editor’s job can be a huge one. A 1OO-minute feature, which amounts to about 9000 feet of 35mm film, may have been carved out of 500,000 feet of film.. David Bordwell Kristin Thompson, 2008[5] ‘’..What cost so much on ‘’El Mariachi’’ was the film stock because I wanted to shoot film, I’ve borrowed the camera, I’ve borrowed just about everything else but the film – I had to buy it. Develop it.. And then transfer it.. So those coasts would all be gone (from the budget)..’’ [Robert Rodriguez talking about filming his first feature film – ‘’El Mariachi’’ ] Robert Rodriguez, 2010[6] That is why the costs of film stock and its development were out of reach for most of the independent filmmakers (Robert Rodriguez being a great exception). Film Limitations Shooting on film also meant a lot of workflow limitations. One of the few examples would be the limitations of the medium itself. Since the pictures were being exposed on film, they had to be photo-chemically developed in the laboratory before any reviewing could take place. Meaning that while the production crew was filming the scenes they had no 100% guarantees that the exposed images would have no errors. Slightest mistakes, like a peace of hair on the film-gate or a not correctly sealed film magazine, would mean that the acquired footage might be technically faulty and useless in the edit. Pre-digital film post-production workflow would also have loads of limitations. As even tasks like colour correction would require a photochemical treatment that would eventually be based on intelligent guesswork rather than knowledge on how the final outcome will look like. The Dawn of Digital Technology With an introduction of Digital Intermediate in 1970’s (when film is scanned and digitised in order to alter the imagery in post-production and the exposed back on film for release) and a huge spread in 1990’s, the film industry started to incorporate more and more digital technology into the workflow. The ability to transfer film scans into computer meant that imagery could now be manipulated in a non-linear and non-destructive fashion, which led to the huge benefits for the production. With the first photorealistic Computer Generated creatures developed and animated in 1993 (Jurassic Park) and the first completely Computer Generated feature-length film being released in 1995 (Toy Story), the film industry was starting to discover the true potential of digital technology. In late 1990’s, digital technology in cameras was developed to the point where Hollywood’s A-list director George Lucas decided to use a prototype of the digital SONY HDW-F900 camera for his next feature film Star Wars: Episode II. ‘’The tests have convinced me that the familiar look and feel of motion picture film are fully present in this digital 24P system and that the picture quality between the two is indistinguishable on the large screen’’ George Lucas, Digital Camera Use Finalized, http://www.starwars.com/episode-ii/bts/production/news20000409.html George Lucas, 2000[7] Robert Rodriguez was another famous Hollywood director who saw the benefits of digital technology and decided to incorporate it into his new movie-making tools: He rented two soundstages and converted his garage into a post-production suite with 10 monitors, editing equipment, and a storyboard machine. Spy Kids 2: Island of Lost Dreams was shot entirely with hi-def digital cameras and edited at Troublemaker (Rodriguez newly set-up studio). The title credits for Spy Kids 3-D: Game Over begin with this: â€Å"A Robert Rodriguez Digital File.† The revolution was in full swing. Wired, 2005[8] The Benefits of Digital Filmmaking Although in an ideal world movies would be made without having any kind-of restrictions, however, the reality is that every project has a budget that it needs to fit to. It should never be forgotten that â€Å"Hollywood† is, first and foremost, about money and profits. The term art can usually be heard only on the night of Academy Award presentations. Bastian Cleve, Film Production Management, Third Edition p. 56 One of the biggest reasons why digital technology was embraced so quickly was its cost factor and the ability to cut corner in ‘’typical filmmaking’’. The ability to lose the expenses of purchasing a film stock and its development meant that a huge peace of budget now could be invested somewhere else or the project could be completed for less money. This became a huge factor for independent productions as the ‘’look’’ of filmic picture became much more accessible. Not only that, but by using digital cameras the whole filmmaking process in its essence could be simplified and various costs that were attached to the film workflow could be lost. For example, the camera crew in digital production could be much smaller as everything is being recorded to the tape or digital storage device and less people and effort is required to handle that type of medium. Then there is the fact that the newer digital cameras like CANON 5D, RED ONE or RED EPIC are much more sensitive to the light than standard film cameras. This brings huge benefits when it comes to shooting in dark environments etc. As Greg and Colin Strauses, the Directors Producers of their independent feature film, states: A lot of the movie was shot on ISO 2000 – that’s four times the sensitivity of your standard ISO 500 35mm film stock that we would use for the night time shots. The thing that was revolutionary to us was that at 2000 ISO it opens up a whole new type of photography, and basically it enables the available light night time exterior in urban environment – you don’t have to light the entire city. You don’t have to light up the sides of the buildings, you don’t have generators and crews pre-rigging and pre-lighting scenes.. †¦ you could use an iPhone now as a key-light on your talent.. Greg Strause, 2010 [9] Although at first it might seem that the ability to use less light for filming might not have much importance, in reality the ability to shoot night-time scenes without hiring a lighting department etc. might result in huge budget savings, or even the final material look that, otherwise, the production would not be able to afford. Having less people working on set might not only be easier for the management but could also save production money. This might also have an impact on the final feel and the aesthetics of the movie. As established before in this essay – filming something for a feature film, for example on the 35mm film, is not a one man’s job. In order to keep the production rolling fast there is a need for a crew. Camera crew, lighting crew, production assistants will all add up to the number of people working on-set. While at first this might not look as a big issue but the more people there is on set the more coordination everyone needs and the more pressure the director faces to make quick decisions that would allow the production to move on. Steven Spielberg described this process greatly when he was asked in the interview about his early days of the 8mm filmmaking: ..Actually, it was great when I flashback to being kid and making my 8mm movies its always at the time when I’m making a big 35mm movie where there is too many people and there is too much noise and I lose all the intimacy of being the director and all becomes a big mish-mash of big collaboration – which it needs to be†¦ Steven Spielberg, 1998[10] The crew size and people involved on-set could also affect the actors’ performance. Working with a big crew, simple things, such as moving from set to set or changing camera positions, can become a long and complicated process that could impact actor’s performance. If he or she needs to deliver an intimate or emotional piece then it can be much harder if the actor needs to wait before the whole camera crew moves in order to change the angle as the moments when actor is into his/her role could be lost. By using the new digital technology it is possible to cut down drastically or even resign the crew – and still keep the production value high. By using the lightweight camera like RED EPIC, Canon 5D or any other digital format it is possible to shoot projects fully guerrilla style if needed and have the images completely fulfilling the quality level that is required for a theatrical release – something that would have been impossible with, for example, the 35mm film camera before. A great example would be Gereth Edwards who wrote, filmed, directed and produced visual effects for his recent feature film ‘’Monsters’’ that has been theatrically released all around the world. ‘’It was a road movie really†¦ we all fitted in the back of the van – it was very guerrilla. I was filming myself, we had a sound man, line producer and a Spanish equivalent and that was essentially the crew for most of it’’ Gereth Edwards, 2010[11] The Monsters film project is really interesting on many levels and is a perfect example of what can be achieved even with a small crew and digital technology. One thing that certainly stands out with this project is that it was shot while travelling through South America without any locked story. While filming the scenes, the director had a rough idea on what his film is going to be about but the rest of the story was left for improvisation. ‘’..We would jump-out, pick a scene, maybe have a conversation – maybe not.. Because its often be more realistic if even the actors would not know what’s going to happen.. ’’ While traveling the crew would record everything that they thought might be useful for the final edit. While one could argue that this type of filmmaking goes against any kind of film school or managing rules, the fact that Monsters was made in this way and got international theatrical release, illustrates the possibilities that digital technology has brought to the table. That type of filmmaking would be extremely expensive and probably impossible in the pre-digital era as even things like changing film magazines every so often (as standard 400 feet film magazine would hold only around 5 minutes of footage) would been a huge issue in that type of production. However, by shooting everything guerrilla style the Director managed to create a documentary feeling in the piece and that arguably helped to blend all the visual effects better and portray the sci-fi story in the more realistic fashion. It is interesting how the digital medium directly influenced the style that the filmmaker co uld establish in his work and how a totally different approach had to be taken should the project had to be done on film. The Russian Ark is another great example that showcases how filmmakers managed to use new technology that they got available to them and produce something in the style that was never done before. By using a Sony digital film camera and recording the footage onto a dedicated high-speed RAID drives the filmmakers managed to record the Russian Ark film in one 96 minutes long un-interrupted steadicam shot (Russian Ark: The Masterworks Edition DVD). Yet again this type of approach could not be taken if the project would have been shot on film simply because of the format’s technical limitations (even if the required film length magazine would be invented the size and weight of it would have been unbearable for the steadycam operator). It is interesting to see that digital technologies helped to rediscover some of the old technologies such as Stereo Filmmaking as well. One of the reasons why Stereoscopy failed to establish itself as a mainstream medium in 1950 was exactly because of the film’s technical limitations. At the time, in order to achieve a stereo effect it was necessary to use two film projectors running simultaneously – one for each eye. The two projectors had to project matching images at once on a frame-by-frame basis or, otherwise, the viewer would be introduced to the eye-strain[12]. For a viewable 3D display appropriate projectionist skills were required in order to match and run the film frames correctly. However, even if the projectionist tasks were completed successfully there was still the fact that the film was an analogue medium that had inherited flaws that were really presentable in a 3D screening. Every processed film roll had a different film-grain texture (especially notice able in older stocks) and essentially even the two copies of the same film would not look identical. Then there was the fact that both copies of the film degrade (gathering dust and scratches) over time differently, which meant that after some usage the differences between the two film roles would only increase. As a result, the pictures would not line-up and the viewers’ brain would still try to solve the 3D effect from the two radically different pictures that would result in a headache. Since digital technology in its essence is based on numbers and mathematical codes the exact replication of the material becomes not such a big issue. Post-production is another area where digital technology brought astonishing changes. Previously mentioned Gereth Edwards is a great illustration of how the digital post-production can be used to its full potential. Edwards shot over 100 hours of footage that was roughly edited together by an editor Colin Goudie on a laptop while traveling[13]. Edwards not only wrote, directed and shot his movie by himself he also produced visual effects and completed around 250 visual effects shots that were made as the filmmaker states himself: ‘’..in my bedroom..’’. By working on his personal computer from his house he managed to produce cinematic release level imagery in the time of five months. The Downside Although a lot of filmmakers including high-budget Hollywood filmmakers quickly adopted all the new digital technology and techniques, some people are still sceptical about it. A good example would be the creator of Cloverfield and Star Trek – J.J. Abrams, who is heavily known for his ‘’get everything you need in-camera’’ approach: ‘’I don’t mind shooting some stuff on greenscreen and we of course did .. but the problem with me and greenscreen is that it’s like when you are recording music the last thing you want to do is say we will fix it in the mix – you want to get it right when you’re are recording it! Greenscreen is inherently fix it in the mix process†¦.. it limits you in a lot of ways because you’re not able to completely understand the motivation of all the light and what surrounds the actors†¦ The actors themselves have to make it up and there is odd disconnect and I think all these things add-up to this bizarre sort-of unreality..’’ J.J. Abrams, 2009[14] Then there is another side of the medal of how easy it is to use new cameras and technology nowadays in the digital world. Filming in the pre-digital era the footage that was filmed on the day was pretty much the image that the viewer was going to see at the cinema. Naturally much more time was spent by the creators planning and preparing for the shoot as everyone wanted to shoot the best possible images on the day. The digital post-production workflow now allows to delay a lot of final decisions that used to be made before the actual principal photography, or on set to the very last minutes of the final delivery (colour correction, set design and etc). The reality is that more and more production workflow is now based on how to better accommodate the post-production process. For example, the colour filters that used to be heavily used in the pre-digital era are almost out of fashion as most of the colouring is now done in the post-production suite, where the director can try out and apply hundreds and hundreds of different looks to their film. While at first it seems like a very positive idea to have as much control of the final product as possible to the very end of the filmmaking process, it has some downsides as well: Unfortunately this miracle .. to manipulate and fine-tune just about everything have resulted in furious production schedules and frantic, free-and-easy shooting with a ‘’damn the torpedoes ’’ attitude. This hectic pace has led to the phrase ‘’fix it in post’’ and is one of the factors in the high cost of movies today. Mark Sawicki,2007 [15] The ability to endlessly manipulate images in the post-production can be used as a great tool to furthermore enhance the image quality of the final picture that the audience is going to see. From adding extra actors on-set to wire removal and greenscreen replacements the post-production facilities got a reputation of the ‘’magical’’ ability to do anything with the footage. Naturally these services often started to be used to fix or cover mistakes that were made in production or even pre-production stages. Right now we got movies that are out of control. The directors really don’t understand digital effects they just assume that somebody will be able to fix in post, no matter how many mistakes they going to make. .. If you talk to any post production house you will see that they get stuff that is nothing but dismally screwed up†¦ Douglas Trumbull, 2011[16] A ‘’screwed up’’ term could probably be used not only to describe the technical side of some of the filmmaking nowadays. While one could think that fewer technological limits and faster workflows could potentially allow filmmakers to concentrate more on the aspects of storytelling and create new original movies, however, the reality is rather different. Many of the Hollywood studios would rather use already tested stories and storytelling methods and concentrate more on the quantity rather than the quality of the projects. ..let’s look ahead to what’s on the menu for this year [2011]: four adaptations of comic books. One prequel to an adaptation of a comic book. One sequel to a sequel to a movie based on a toy. One sequel to a sequel to a sequel to a movie based on an amusement-park ride. One prequel to a remake. Two sequels to cartoons. One sequel to a comedy. An adaptation of a children’s book. An adaptation of a Saturday-morning cartoon. One sequel with a 4 in the title. Two sequels with a 5 in the title. One sequel that, if it were inclined to use numbers, would have to have a 7 1/2 in the title. Captain America, Cowboys Aliens, Green Lantern, and Thor; X-Men: First Class; Transformers 3; Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides; Rise of the Apes; Cars 2 and Kung Fu Panda 2; The Hangover Part II; Winnie the Pooh; The Smurfs in 3D; Spy Kids 4; Fast Five and Final Destination 5; Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2 Mark Harris, 2011[17] http://www.gq.com/entertainment/movies-and-tv/201102/the-day-the-movies-died-mark-harris?currentPage=1 It is strange and at the same time quite interesting to see that with all the filmmaking improvements that were made over the last few decades with the storytelling arguably having no limits, the mainstream cinema is dominated by remakes and stories that were already told many times before. Conclusion With the consumers’ level equipment getting cheaper and more sophisticated every year, the independent filmmakers are quickly chasing high-budget studio films in terms of the images’ quality and ‘’expensive look’’. As Francis Ford Coppola, who is considered as one of the most influential Hollywood’s film director, states: â€Å"Cinema is escaping being controlled by the financier, and that’s a wonderful thing. You don’t have to go hat-in-hand to some film distributor and say, ‘Please will you let me make a movie?† Scott Kirsner, 2008[18] The fact that by spending less than 1000? it is possible to get a camera and in theory match the picture quality of a Hollywood’s blockbuster film is on its own exciting. Technology brought the ability for the independent filmmakers to have an opportunity to really explore the filmmaking and do things that were possible only for high-budget productions before. The high-budget productions, on the other hand, are forced to think of new ways to create and present films that would still fascinate the viewers and attract them to the cinemas. With the 3D technology being heavily promoted by major studios and various other techniques being explored in cinemas, like wind and smells effects (Avatar Goes 4D in Korea, http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118014803?refCatId=19), it seems that filmmaking yet again might be lifted by the technology to the new heights. As Douglas Trumbull stated: ‘’I think we really need to open it up. We are no longer limited by mechanical movements, celluloid film and sprocket plastic. We are all digital now and so let’s reconsider what movies are.’’ Douglas Trumbull, 2011[19] References: Books: Bordwell, David Thompson, Kristin (2008), â€Å"Film Art Introduction, Eight Edition†, p. 30 Sawicki, Mark (2007), â€Å"Filming The Fantastic – A Guide To Visual Effects†, p. xiii Kirsner, Scott, (2008). Inventing the Movies: Hollywood’s Epic Battle Between Innovation and the Status Quo, from Thomas Edison to Steve Jobs. Boston, MA: CinemaTech Books. p. 199 Lobrutto, Vincent (2003) The encyclopedia of American independent filmmaking, p. 389 Online: Abrams, J.J. (2009), FxGuideTV #58: Star Trek Plus Now ILM [Motion Picture, streaming video]. Retrieved 9/04/2011 from http://www.fxguide.com Edwards, Gereth (2010), FXguide Podcasts Skyline [Online]. Available from: http://www.fxguide.com/podcasts/Skyline/ [Accessed: 08/03/2011] Edwards, Gereth (2010), Monsters Best Buy Featurette [Motion Picture, streaming video]. Retrieved 13/03/2011 from http://www.traileraddict.com/trailer/monsters/best-buy-featurette Gizmodo.com.au, (2010), Robert Rodriguez On How Technology Changed Filmmaking, [Motion Picture, streaming video]. Retrieved 22/03/2011 from http://www.gizmodo.com.au/2010/11/robert-rodriguez-on-how-technology-has-changed-filmmaking/ Harris, Mark The Day Movies Died, [Online] November 2009, Available from: http://www.gq.com/entertainment/movies-and-tv/201102/the-day-the-movies-died-mark-harris?currentPage=1 [Accessed: 30/04/2011 StarWars.com, (2000), Digital Camera Use Finalized, [Online] April 2000, Available from: http://www.starwars.com/episode-ii/bts/production/news20000409.html [Accessed: 20/04/2011] Spielber, Steven (1998), Former Super 8 Filmmaker [Motion Picture, streaming video]. Retrieved 12/03/2011 from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DH_ya6E-N_A Strause, Greg (2011), FXPodcast Skyline [Online]. Available from: http://www.fxguide.com/fxpodcasts/Skyline/ [Accessed: 08/03/2011] Trumbull, Douglas (2011), FxGuideTV #104: Douglas Trumbull [Motion Picture, streaming video]. Retrieved 9/04/2011 from http://www.fxguide.com WideScreen Movie Magazine, 3D by G.J.J. De Wan, [Online] November 2009, Available from: http://widescreenmovies.org/WSM11/GDW3D.htm [Accessed: 21/03/2011] Wired, (2005), The Man Who Shot Sin City, [Online] April 2005, Available from: http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/13.04/sincity.html [Accessed: 21/03/2011] How to cite How has technology improvements impacted on filmmaking?, Essay examples

The 5 Best Airtable Hacks Freelance Writers Should Know About

If you are a freelance writer wanting to increase the long-term potential of your writing career, one of the savviest moves you can make is to become more organized. Freelance writers who track and organize their client writing projects are better able to manage their workload, leaving more time to acquire more writing clients. Using a tool like Airtable to streamline your writing processes is a no-brainer for growth-focused freelance writers. Luckily for today’s busy freelancers, there are a variety of automation hacks you can use to maximize your productivity. Whether you want to make document creation faster and easier or if you want to make client communication a breeze, doubling-down on Airtable is a smart step in the right direction. If you want to better manage your writing schedule, following are the five best Airtable hacks freelance writers should know about. Airtable + Google Calendar Use this automation hack to instantly integrate Airtable into your Google Calendar. Manage your writing assignments, adjust your scheduling, and make it easier to spot empty dates in your calendar where you can take on new writing projects. Step 1: Connect your Google Calendar to Airtable Step 2: Create specific events within your Airtable-enabled Google Calendar Step 3: Track your task management at a glance Airtable + Google Docs + Zapier If you thought integrating Airtable into your Google Calendar was magic, wait until you discover you can automate your Google Docs productivity with Airtable too. This dynamic duo lets you do everything from instantly add new Google Docs into your Airtable task management schedule to create new Google Docs from HTML and text. Put your Google Doc productivity on steroids by adding Airtable to your modus operandi. Step 2: Choose your trigger Step 3: Pick your preferred action Step 4: Watch your productivity soar! Slack + Airtable If you want to feel like you died and went to business management heaven, integrate Slack into your Airtable time. Slack allows you to communicate with clients and collaborators, while tracking your ongoing freelance writing activities with Airtable. You’ll be amazed at how much more you can get done in a day when you combine the power of Slack with Airtable. Step 1: Connect Slack to your Airtable task management schedule Step 2: Send specific Airtable updates to your preferred Slack channel Step 3: Create Airtable tasks from Slack conversations Airtable + Instagram + Zapier Thanks to Zapier shortcuts, Airtable users can now integrate instant Instagram marketing into their daily productivity efforts. Airtable also integrates with other social media marketing platforms like Facebook and Twitter, making growing your freelance writing business a breeze. If you plan to increase your client list via social media networking, adding Airtable and Zapier to your growth strategy is a must. Step 1: Connect Instagram to your Airtable account via Zapier Step 2: Choose your preferred social media marketing trigger Step 3: Update your Instagram records like a pro WordPress + Airtable + Zapier A growing number of freelance writers upload the content they create to their clients’ WordPress websites. With over 25 Zapier + Airtable shortcuts available for WordPress, becoming a content marketing master is easy for savvy freelance writers. Your clients will be impressed with your ability to maximize your output and will likely add you to their list of favorite freelance writers to hire. Step 2: Choose a WordPress trigger, e.g. new post, upload media, etc. Step 3: Watch the magic happen as you become a WordPress wizard! These are five of the best Airtable hacks for freelance writers. Dive into the possibilities of combining automated shortcuts from Airtable and Zapier to see which ones can help take your freelance writing career to the next level.